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Numbers Math supported only in 0.45 version ​

In this guide, we will discuss how to perform mathematical operations using the static Math class. Additionally, we will cover some of the most popular constants available in the Math class.

Math Class ​

The Math class provides various methods for performing basic numeric operations such as absolute value, rounding, power, and trigonometric functions. It also includes several important mathematical constants.

Mathematical Methods ​

Basic Methods ​

Absolute Value ​

vein
auto value: i32 = -42;
auto absValue: i32 = Math.abs(value);
Out.println(absValue); // Output: 42

Rounding ​

vein
auto value: f64 = 3.14159;
auto roundedValue: f64 = Math.round(value);
Out.println(roundedValue); // Output: 3

Ceiling and Floor ​

vein
auto value: f64 = 3.14;
auto ceilValue: f64 = Math.ceil(value);
auto floorValue: f64 = Math.floor(value);

Out.println(ceilValue);  // Output: 4
Out.println(floorValue); // Output: 3

Power and Square Root ​

vein
auto base: f64 = 2.0;
auto exponent: f64 = 3.0;
auto power: f64 = Math.pow(base, exponent);
Out.println(power);  // Output: 8

auto value: f64 = 16.0;
auto sqrtValue: f64 = Math.sqrt(value);
Out.println(sqrtValue);  // Output: 4

Maximum and Minimum ​

vein
auto a: i32 = 10;
auto b: i32 = 20;

auto maxValue: i32 = Math.max(a, b);
auto minValue: i32 = Math.min(a, b);

Out.println(maxValue);  // Output: 20
Out.println(minValue);  // Output: 10

Trigonometric Methods ​

Sine, Cosine, and Tangent ​

vein
auto angle: f64 = Math.PI / 4;  // 45 degrees

auto sinValue: f64 = Math.sin(angle);
auto cosValue: f64 = Math.cos(angle);
auto tanValue: f64 = Math.tan(angle);

Out.println(sinValue);  // Output: 0.70710678118
Out.println(cosValue);  // Output: 0.70710678118
Out.println(tanValue);  // Output: 1.0

Arcsine, Arccosine, and Arctangent ​

vein
auto value: f64 = 0.70710678118;

auto asinValue: f64 = Math.asin(value);
auto acosValue: f64 = Math.acos(value);
auto atanValue: f64 = Math.atan(value);

Out.println(asinValue);  // Output: 0.78539816339  (PI/4)
Out.println(acosValue);  // Output: 0.78539816339  (PI/4)
Out.println(atanValue);  // Output: 0.61547970867

Mathematical Constants ​

The Math class also provides several important mathematical constants:

  • Math.PI: The ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, approximately 3.14159.
  • Math.E: The base of the natural logarithm, approximately 2.71828.
  • Math.LN2: The natural logarithm of 2, approximately 0.69314.
  • Math.LN10: The natural logarithm of 10, approximately 2.30258.
  • Math.LOG2E: The base-2 logarithm of E, approximately 1.44269.
  • Math.LOG10E: The base-10 logarithm of E, approximately 0.43429.
  • Math.SQRT2: The square root of 2, approximately 1.41421.
  • Math.SQRT1_2: The square root of 1/2, approximately 0.70710.

Example: Using Constants ​

vein
auto circumference: f64 = 2 * Math.PI * 10;  // Circumference of a circle with radius 10
Out.println(circumference);  // Output: 62.83185307179586

auto exponential: f64 = Math.exp(1);  // e^1
Out.println(exponential);  // Output: 2.718281828459045

Conclusion ​

The Math class in Vein provides a comprehensive set of methods and constants for performing a wide range of mathematical operations. Understanding how to use these methods and constants can help you perform complex calculations more efficiently in your programs.